Monday, June 1, 2020, 4:35 PM
Site: Saint Martin's University Moodle
Course: Saint Martin's University Moodle (SMU)
Glossary: Math Notation Help
05 SPACES

#### \;

• \; (backslash semicolon) inserts the third smallest predefined space in a formula
• Equivalent: \hspace{6}
• Ex.: $$a\;b$$ gives $a\;b$
• Ex.: $$a~\hspace{6}~b$$ gives also $a~\hspace{6}~b$

#### \:

• \: inserts the second smallest predefined space in a formula
• Equivalent: \hspace{4}
• Ex.: $$a\:b$$ gives $a\:b$
• Ex.: $$a~\hspace{4}~b$$ gives also $a~\hspace{4}~b$

#### \/ (backslash slash)

• \/ (backslash slash) avoids ligatures
• Ex.: $$V\/A$$ gives $V\/A$ in contrast to $$VA$$ which gives $VA$

#### \~

• In order to prevent some browser specific problems with whitespaces, it is advisable to use ~ (tilde) as the whitespace instead of the normal blank key (in places where whitespaces are mandatory, e.g. after commands).
• Ex.: $$\frac~xy$$ to produce $\frac~xy$
• Ex.: $$\sqrt~n$$ to produce $\sqrt~n$

#### \hspace{n}

• inserts a space of n pixels
• Ex.: $$f(x)\hspace{6}=\hspace{6}0$$ gives $f(x)\hspace{6}=\hspace{6}0$
• can be combined with the preceding command \unitlength{m}(default: m=1px) , which defines the applied unit
• Ex.: $$\unitlength{20}a\hspace{2}b$$ gives $\unitlength{20}a\hspace{2}b$ , i.e. a space of 20x2=40px

• inserts a double space of current character set size
• Ex.: $$a\qquad~b$$ gives $a\qquad~b$

• inserts a space of current character set size
• Ex.: $$a\quad~b$$ gives $a\quad~b$

#### math spaces

List of predefined spaces:

 Math Spaces Command Example Result \, (smallest predefined) $$a\,b$$ $a\,b$ \:  (second smallest predefined) $$a\:b$$ $a\:b$ \;  (third smallest predefined) $$a\;b$$ $a\;b$ \/  (avoiding ligatures) $$V\/A$$ instead of $$VA$$ $V\/A$ instead of $VA$ \quad  (space of current character set size) $$a\quad~b$$ $a\quad~b$ \qquad  (double space of current character set size) $$a\qquad~b$$ $a\qquad~b$ \_ (where _ is blank!) $$a\ b$$(whereas $$a\b$$ is not a valid filter expression since the blank space is missing; it is recommended to use the tilde ~ instead of the simple whitespace) $a\ b$ \hspace{n} ,where n positive integer (= n Pixels) $$a~\hspace{30}~b$$$$a~\hspace{15}~b$$$$a~\hspace{2}~b$$$$a~\hspace{1}~b$$ $a~\hspace{30}~b$$a~\hspace{15}~b$$a~\hspace{2}~b$$a~\hspace{1}~b$ \unitlength{m}\hspace{n}, changes the default unit length (m=1px) to be applied $$a~\hspace{2}~b\unitlength{10}~\hspace{2}~c$$(second space is 10x2=20px) $a~\hspace{2}~b\unitlength{10}~\hspace{2}~c$

Note: Simple blank spaces and tildes (~) are ignored by the TeX filter and don't produce any space. You must use one of the defined math spaces to get a visible (extra) space.

06 SYMBOLS

#### alpha (lower case greek letter)

$$\alpha$$ gives $\alpha$

#### beta (lower case greek letter)

$$\beta$$ gives $\beta$